In this article, we will share a list of rules and structures of Japanese grammar in JLPT N5. It is a complete list of the basic grammar of the Japanese language, involving particles, adverbs, and other expressions that form the foundation of Japanese.
Japanese Grammar Rules of N5 JLPT
We recommend examining the grammatical expressions in isolation, as there may have been some errors during translation. The goal of the list below is only to show what you need to study to take the JLPT exam.
Responsive Table: Scroll the table sideways with your finger >>
| い-adjectives | i-adjectives | i-adjectives |
| いつも | itsumo | always; generally; habitually |
| お / ご | o / go | polite marker; honorific prefix particle |
| か | ka | question particle |
| が | ga | subject marker; however; but ~ |
| か～か | ka~ka | or |
| があります | ga arimasu | there is; it is (non-living things) |
| がいます | ga imasu | there is; to be; it is (living things) |
| がほしい | ga hoshii | want something |
| から | kara | because; from; of |
| けど | kedo | but; however; although ~ |
| けれども | keredo mo | but; however; although ~ |
| しかし | shikashi | but; however ~ |
| じゃない・ではない | janai / dewa nai | not to be (I am not; it is not; I am not) |
| すぎる | sugiru | too much |
| そして | soshite | and; and then; therefore; and now ~ |
| それから | sore kara | and; and then; after that; since then |
| だ・です | da / desu | to be (I am, it is, they are, were, used to) |
| たい | tai | want to do something |
| だけ | dake | only; just; as much as ~ |
| たことがある | ta koto ga aru | have done something before |
| たり～たり | tari~tari | doing things like a and b |
| だろう | darou | I think; seems; probably; right? |
| ちゃいけない・じゃいけない | cha ikenai / ja ikenai | must not do (spoken Japanese) |
| つもり | tsumori | plan to ~; intend to ~ |
| で | de | at; in; by; with; through |
| てある | te aru | is / was done (resulting state) |
| ている | te iru | ongoing action or current state |
| てから | te kara | after doing ~ |
| てください | te kudasai | please do |
| でしょう | deshou | I think; seems; probably; right? |
| てはいけない | te wa ikenai | must not; should not; you cannot |
| でも | demo | but; however; although ~ |
| てもいいです | temo ii desu | it’s okay to..; it’s all right to..; can I..? |
| と | to | and; with; as; connection particle |
| どうして | doushite | why; for what reason; how |
| どうやって | douyatte | how; in what way; by what means |
| とき | toki | when; at that moment |
| とても | totemo | very; very; extremely |
| どんな | donna | what kind of; what type of |
| な-adjectives | na-adjectives | na-adjectives |
| なあ | naa | sentence-ending particle; confirmation; admiration, etc. |
| ないで | naide | without doing ~; to do [b] without doing [a] |
| ないでください | naide kudasai | please do not do |
| ないといけない | naito ikenai | must do; has to do |
| なくちゃ | nakucha | must do; need to; have to do |
| なくてはいけない | nakute wa ikenai | must do; necessary to do |
| なくてはならない | nakute wa naranai | must do; necessary to do |
| なくてもいい | naku temo ii | does not have to |
| なる | naru | to become |
| に | ni | destination particle; at; in; to |
| に/へ | ni/e | to (indicates direction / destination) |
| にいく | ni iku | going to do |
| にする | ni suru | decide on |
| ね | ne | isn’t it? right? huh? |
| の | no | possessive particle |
| のが上手（のがじょうず） | no ga jouzu | to be good at |
| のが下手（のがへた） | no ga heta | to be bad at doing something |
| のが好き（のがすき） | no ga suki | to like doing something |
| ので | node | because of; given that; since |
| のです | no desu | to explain something; show emphasis |
| の中で[a]が一番（のなかで[a]がいちばん） | no naka de [a] ga ichiban | out of this group, [a] is the best |
| は | wa – topic marker | topic marker |
| は〜より・・・です | wa ~yori… desu | [a] is more ~ than [b] |
| はどうですか | wa dou desu ka | how about; how is |
| ほうがいい | hou ga ii | had better; would be better; should ~ |
| ましょう | mashou | let’s ~; we should ~ |
| ましょうか | mashouka | should I ~; used to offer help to the listener |
| ませんか | masen ka | would you; do you want; should we ~ |
| まだ | mada | still; not yet |
| まだ～ていません | mada ~te imasen | not yet ~ |
| まで | made | until; as far as; to a certain extent); even ~ |
| も | mo | also; besides; too |
| もう | mou | already; no more; again; from others |
| や | ya | and; or; connection particle |
| よ | yo | you know; emphasis (final particle) |
| より～ほうが | yori ~hou ga | [a] is more than [b] |
| を | o / wo | object marker particle |
| をください | o kudasai | please give me ~ |
| んです | ndesu | to explain something; show emphasis |
| 一番（いちばん） | ichiban | the most; the best |
| 一緒に（いっしょに） | issho ni | together |
| 前に（まえに） | mae ni | before; in front of ~ |
| 方（かた） | kata | the way to do something; how to do |
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