In this article, we are going to share a list of Japanese grammatical rules and structures studied in JLPT N3. This is a complete list of Japanese N3 grammar, involving particles, adverbs and other expressions that form the basis of Japanese.
N3 JLPT Japanese Grammar
We recommend examining grammatical expressions in isolation, as errors may have occurred during translation. The purpose of the list below is just to show you what you need to study to take the toossu.
Responsive Table: Scroll the table sideways with your finger >>
| Japanese | Romaji | Explanation |
| あまり | love | so much that |
| あまりにも | amari ni mo | too much; so much that; excessively ~ |
| いくら～ても | ikura~ I'm afraid | no matter how ~ |
| うちに | uchi ni | While; before ~ |
| おかげで | okage of | thanks to; because; because of ~ |
| かける | kakeru | a half-; not yet finished; in the middle of ~ |
| がたい | cat | very difficult; hard to ~ |
| がち | gachi | want; tendency to; often; often; do something easily |
| から〜にかけて | kara~ni kakete | through; from a to b] |
| か何か（かなにか） | ka nani ka | or something ~ |
| きり | kiri | only; only; Since; after ~ |
| くせに | kuse ni | and still; Despite; despite the fact that ~ |
| くらい・ぐらい | kurai / gourai | about; about; around; as far as ~ |
| こそ | koso | for sure (emphasize the previous word); precisely; definitely ~ |
| こと | koto | (must do |
| ことから | koto kara | from the fact that ~ |
| ごとに | goto ni | each; each; at intervals of ~ |
| ことになっている | koto ni natteiru | to be expected; to be scheduled for; it was decided as a rule that |
| ことは～が | koto wa~ga | Despite; but ~ |
| ことはない | koto wa nai | It is not necessary; (something) never happens; there is no possibility that ~ |
| さえ | sae | up until; As well as; not even |
| さえ～ば | come~ba | if only; While |
| さて | sat | conjunction: well; now; so ~ |
| さらに | sara ni | furthermore; again; more and more ~ |
| しかない | shikanai | have no choice but to ~ |
| しばらく | shibaraku | for a moment; for a while; for a while |
| じゃない | jani | perhaps; probably; confirmation of information; Express surprise to the listener |
| ずつ | zutsu | one piece; each; at once |
| すでに | south ni | something has already been done/happened; it's already the case |
| すなわち | sunawachi | in other words; namely ~ |
| ずに | zoom | without doing ~ |
| ずにはいられない | zuni wa irarenai | I can't help but feel; I can't help but do; must do ~ |
| せいぜい | seizei | maximum; at best; The maximum |
| せいで | know of | because of; because; as a result of ~ |
| そうもない /そうにない | I'm mo nai / I'm ni nai | very unlikely for ~; showing no signs of ~ |
| そのために | sleep tame ni | consequently; therefore; because of ~ |
| それとも | soretome | or; or else ~ |
| だけ | dake | as much as ~ |
| だけでなく | dake of naku | not only but also |
| だけど | however | However; but |
| たって | tattoo | even if; Despite; no matter how ~ |
| たて | tate | just did it; made on time; freshly made |
| たとえ～ても | tatoe~ I'm afraid | even if... that's the case |
| たとたん | ok | as soon as; just like ~ |
| たびに | tabi ni | whenever; every time ~ |
| ために | for the sake of | for; in order to; for the benefit of; because of; as a result of ~ |
| たものだ | ok | used to do; would often do |
| だらけ | darake | full of; covered with; a lot (something undesirable) |
| つい | tsui | accidentally; involuntarily; by mistake |
| ついでに | tsuide ni | while, incidentally, at the same time, on the way ~ |
| ついに | tsui ni | finally ~; anyway ~; At the end |
| っけ | lol | a casual suffix to confirm something you are trying to remember |
| っぱなし | ppanashi | leaving (something) on; leaving (something) still in use |
| っぽい | ppoi | looks like; a little ~; -ish; easily ~; often does ~ |
| つまり | tsumari | in other words; In short; in short ~ |
| つもりだった | tsumori datta | I thought ~; I believe ~; was planning ~; intended ~ |
| つもりで | tsumori of | with the intention of doing ~ |
| ている場合じゃない（ているばあいじゃない） | teiru baai janai | it's not time to do~ |
| てからでないと | you kara de nai to | must first do; can't do without first doing~ |
| てごらん | Goran you | (please, try; (please look |
| てしょうがない・てしかたがない | There's nothing we can do about it. | can't help but ~; much; extremely |
| てはいけないから | te wa ikenai kara | not to ~; to prevent a negative situation |
| てばかりいる | bakari iru | only; nothing but ~ |
| てはじめて | get you up | not until; only after [x] I |
| てもかまわない | I fear kamawanai | it doesn't matter if ~ |
| てもしょうがない / てもしかたがない | temo shou ga nai / temo shikata ga nai | no reason to ~; no use ~; there's no way |
| ても始まらない（てもはじまらない） | I fear hajimaranai | even if you... it's no use; it doesn't make sense ~ |
| て済む（てすむ） | sum you up | enough by; no problem for; solve by ~ |
| といい / たらいい | to ii / come on in | it would be nice if; we must; I hope ~ |
| ということだ | to iu koto da | I heard ~; means that ~; in other words ~ |
| というのは | I'm going now | this means; the meaning of... is; Because; to mean ~ |
| というより | I'm yori | instead of ~ |
| といっても | to ittemo | though I say; although one can say ~ |
| どうしても | doushitemo | no matter what; At any cost; after all ~ |
| とおりに | toori ni | Just as; on the way; like ~ |
| ところが | tokoro ga | even though; However; away ~ |
| ところで | tokoro from | by the way ~ |
| として | toshite | like ~; in the role of ~ |
| とすれば・としたら・とすると | To supher / to shitara / to suru to | in the case of ~; assuming ~; if A then B |
| とても～ない | totem~nai | it can not be; hardly ~ |
| とは限らない（とはかぎらない） | towa kagiranai | not necessarily; it's not always true |
| とみえる / とみえて | to meru / to miete | looks like ~ |
| どんなに～ても | donna ni~temo | no matter how much) |
| と共に（とともに） | I'm taking it | together with; at the same time as; as well ~ |
| と言うと（というと） | I'm going to | talking about; When you talk; when you say ~ |
| と言えば（といえば） | to ieba | talking about; When you talk; when you say; if it were the case ~ |
| ないことはない | nai koto wa nai | can; it's not impossible~ |
| ないと | naito | must do; unless / if you don't ~ |
| なかなか | nakanaka | much; quite; pretty; instead; just not ~ |
| ながらも | nagara mo | but; Despite; despite ~ |
| なぜなら | nazenara | Why; the reason is; if you want to know why |
| なるべく | naru beku | as much as possible |
| なんか・なんて・など | nank; nant; swim | give examples; show modesty; ignore ~ |
| において / における | at the top / within | at the; at the place); with respect to ~; as for ~; in relation to ~ |
| にかけて | ni kakete | for a period); through ~; with respect to ~; in relation to ~ |
| にかわって / にかわり | There is no direct translation for "ni kawatte / ni kawari." | instead of ~; replacing ~; in the name of ~ |
| にしたがって | ni shitagatte | As; Therefore; in accordance with; according to; consequently |
| にしては | ni shite wa | for; whereas it is (something or someone) |
| にしても | no shite mo | even if; Despite; regardless of ~ |
| について | ni tsuite | relative; about; about; in ~ |
| につれて | no trumpet | How; in proportion to; with; as... so |
| にとって | not totte | to; for; related; in what concerns...; in relation to ~ |
| には | no wa | for the purpose of; in order to ~ |
| によって / による | by means of / due to or because of | through; because; because; because of ~ |
| によると /によれば | ni yoru to/ni yoreba | according to ~ |
| に反して（にはんして） | no hanshite | against; contrary to; in contrast to ~ |
| に対して（にたいして） | ni taishite | toward; against; about; in contrast to |
| に慣れる（になれる） | ni nareru | be used to something |
| に比べて（にくらべて） | no kurabete | compared to ~; compared to ~ |
| に違いない（にちがいない） | ni chigai nai | I'm sure / sure; no doubt that ~ |
| に関する / に関して（にかんする / にかんして） | ni kan suru / ni kan shite = Concerning / Regarding | about; about; related to ~ |
| のでしょうか | no deshou ka | ask a question politely |
| は～で有名（は～でゆうめい） | wa~de yuumei | famous for ~ |
| ば～のに | ba~noni | it would have; it should; if only ~ |
| ば～ほど | ba~hodo | How much more |
| ばいい | ba ii | should, can, it would be nice if~ |
| ばかりで | bakari from | only; only (negative description) |
| ばかりでなく | bakari denaku | not only, but also; as well ~ |
| はもちろん | wa mochiron | not to mention; not only; but also ~ |
| ばよかった | ba yokatta | it should; would have been better if ~ |
| は別として（はべつとして） | wa betsu toshite | Besides; Besides; except for; whether or not ~ |
| ふと | futo | Suddenly; accidentally; unexpectedly; unintentionally ~ |
| ぶりに | buri ni | for the first time in (period) |
| ふりをする | furi the suru | to fake; act as if~ |
| べきだ | beki da | should do; must do ~ |
| べきではない | beki dewa nai | should not do ~; should not do ~ |
| ほど | hodo | grade; extension; Limits; upper limit |
| ほど～ない | hodo~nai | not as... as ~ |
| まさか | masaka | there's no way; This is impossible; you must be kidding |
| まるで | maru of | As if; as if; just like ~ |
| むしろ | mushiro | instead; instead of; better ~ |
| めったに～ない | metta ni~nai | difficultly; rarely; rarely |
| も～ば～も | mo~ba~mo | and; Furthermore; also; or; neither nor |
| もしかしたら | moshika shitara | possibly; perhaps; by chance; by chance ~ |
| もしも〜たら | moshimo~tara | What if; inside the case; guessing ~ |
| ようがない | you go nai | there is no way; it's impossible ~ |
| ようとしない | you to shinai | do not try; don't make an effort to~ |
| ようとする | you're suru | try; try; be about to ~ |
| ような気がする（ようなきがする） | I have a feeling | have the feeling that; looks; looks like; I think ~ |
| ように | you don't | in order to, so that ~ |
| ように見える（ようにみえる） | you ni mieru | to look; seem; to appear ~ |
| よりも | yorimo | compared to; instead of ~; more than ~ |
| わけがない | wake ga nai | there is no way ~; it's impossible ~ |
| わけだ | wake da | therefore; no wonder; as you would expect; The fact is that; so you mean ~ |
| わけではない | wake dewa nai | does not mean that; It's not the case; I did not mean that; it's not true that ~ |
| わけにはいかない | wake niwa ikanai | Should not; can not afford; must, have no choice but to ~ |
| わざと | wazato | on purpose; intentionally ~ |
| わざわざ | wazawaza | have the job of; get out of your own way to ~ |
| をはじめ | the hajime | for example; starting with |
| を中心に（をちゅうしんに） | the chuushin ni | focused in; centered on |
| を込めて（をこめて） | the komete | filled with; full of |
| を通じて /を通して（をつうじて /をとおして） | o tsuujite / o tooshite | through; through; over; per |
| んだって | ndatte | I heard this; I heard this ~ |
| 一体（いったい） | ittai | emphasis; what on Earth; what in the world ~ |
| 一度に（いちどに） | ichido ni | all at once |
| 一方だ（いっぽうだ） | ippou da | More and more; continue to ~ |
| 上げる（あげる） | ageru | finish doing ~ |
| 上で（うえで） | ue of | on top; after; When; for; in order to |
| 上に（うえに） | wow | also; furthermore; besides; not only... but also ~ |
| 中（ちゅう） | chuu / yo | currently; during; at some point; over; before the end of ~ |
| 代わりに（かわりに） | kawari ni | rather than; as a substitute for; in exchange for; in exchange for |
| 例えば（たとえば） | tatoeba | for example; for example ~ |
| 最中に（さいちゅうに） | saichuu ni | While; during; in the middle of ~ |
| 切る（きる） | cut | do something completely to the end |
| 切れない（きれない） | kirenai | unable to do; much to finish / complete |
| 別に～ない（べつに～ない） | betsu ni~nai | not really, not particularly |
| 割に（わりに） | wari ni | recital; comparatively; relatively; unexpectedly; exceptionally ~ |
| 合う（あう） | wow | do something together |
| 向き（むき） | muki | suitable for ~ |
| 向け（むけ） | muke | destined to; destined for ~ |
| 数量 + は（すうりょう + は） | suuryou + wa | at least ~ |
| 気味（ぎみ） | gimi | -like; -looking; -like; tending to ~ |
| 決して～ない（けっして～ない） | keshite~nai | Never; not at all ~ |
| 的（てき） | teki | change noun to adjective-na (-ish; -like; -ish) |
| 直す（なおす） | naosu | to do something again; do it again |
| 確かに（たしかに） | tashika ni | certainly, certainly ~ |
| 結局（けっきょく） | kekkyoku | after all; ocasionally; at the end ~ |
| 結果（けっか） | kekka | as a result of; after ~ |
| 込む（こむ） | komu | do something for a long time or move something inside |
| 途中で/途中に（とちゅうで/とちゅうに） | on the way / in the middle | on my way; in the middle of ~ |
| 通す（とおす） | toosu | do to the end; do continually; through ~ |
| 際に（さいに） | come out | When; at the time to; in the case of ~ |
