In this article, we are going to share a list of Japanese grammatical rules and structures studied in JLPT N3. This is a complete list of Japanese N3 grammar, involving particles, adverbs and other expressions that form the basis of Japanese.
N3 JLPT Japanese Grammar
We recommend examining grammatical expressions in isolation, as errors may have occurred during translation. The purpose of the list below is just to show you what you need to study to take the toossu.
Responsive Table: Scroll the table sideways with your finger >>
| Japanese | Romaji | Explanation |
| あまり | love | so much that |
| あまりにも | amari ni mo | too much; so much that; excessively ~ |
| いくら～ても | ikura~temo | no matter how ~ |
| うちに | uchi ni | while; before ~ |
| おかげで | okage of | thanks to ~ |
| かける | kakeru | half; still not finished; in the middle of ~ |
| がたい | cat | very difficult; difficult to ~ |
| がち | gachi | want; tendency to; often; frequently; do something easily |
| から〜にかけて | kara~ni kakete | through; from A to B |
| か何か（かなにか） | ka nani ka | or something ~ |
| きり | kiri | only; just; Since the; after ~ |
| くせに | kuse ni | and still; Despite; despite the fact that ~ |
| くらい・ぐらい | kurai / gourai | approximately; about; around; to some extent ~ |
| こそ | koso | Certainly; precisely; definitively ~ |
| こと | koto | (must do |
| ことから | koto kara | from the fact that ~ |
| ごとに | goto ni | each; each; at intervals of ~ |
| ことになっている | koto ni natteiru | to be expected; to be scheduled for; it was decided as a rule that |
| ことは～が | koto wa~ga | Despite; but ~ |
| ことはない | koto wa nai | It is not necessary; (something) never happens; there is no possibility that ~ |
| さえ | sae | until; as much as; not even |
| さえ～ば | come~ba | if only; while |
| さて | sat | conjunction: well; now; then ~ |
| さらに | sara ni | furthermore; again; more and more |
| しかない | shikanai | have no choice but to ~ |
| しばらく | shibaraku | for a moment; for a while; for now |
| じゃない | jani | maybe; probably; confirmation of information; Express surprise to the listener |
| ずつ | zutsu | a piece; each; at a time |
| すでに | south ni | something has already been done / happened; it is already the case |
| すなわち | sunawachi | in other words; namely ~ |
| ずに | zoom | without doing ~ |
| ずにはいられない | zuni wa irarenai | I can't help but feel; I can't help but do; must do ~ |
| せいぜい | seizei | at most; at best; To the maximum |
| せいで | know of | because of; due to; as a result of ~ |
| そうもない /そうにない | I'm mo nai / I'm ni nai | very unlikely to ~; showing no signs of ~ |
| そのために | sleep tame ni | consequently; for that reason; because of ~ |
| それとも | soretome | or; or else ~ |
| だけ | only | as much as ~ |
| だけでなく | dake of naku | not only but also |
| だけど | dakedo | However; but |
| たって | tattoo | even if; Although; no matter how ~ |
| たて | tate | just made; made on the spot; freshly made |
| たとえ～ても | tatoe~temo | even if... that is the case |
| たとたん | ok | just as; as well as ~ |
| たびに | tabi ni | whenever; every time ~ |
| ために | tame ni | for; in order to; for the benefit of; because of; as a result of ~ |
| たものだ | ok | used to do; would often do |
| だらけ | darake | full of; covered with; very (something undesirable) |
| つい | tsui | accidentally; involuntarily; by mistake |
| ついでに | tsuide ni | while, incidentally, at the same time, on the way ~ |
| ついに | tsui ni | finally ~; at last ~; In the end |
| っけ | kke | a casual suffix to confirm something you are trying to remember |
| っぱなし | ppanashi | leaving (something) on; leaving (something) still in use |
| っぽい | ppoi | it seems that; a little ~; -ish; easily ~; often do ~ |
| つまり | tsumari | in other words; In short; in summary ~ |
| つもりだった | tsumori datta | I thought that ~; I believe that ~; was planning ~; intended ~ |
| つもりで | tsumori of | with the intention of doing ~ |
| ている場合じゃない（ているばあいじゃない） | teiru baai janai | it's not time to do~ |
| てからでないと | te kara de nai to | must first do; cannot do without first doing ~ |
| てごらん | te goran | please try; please look |
| てしょうがない・てしかたがない | te shou ga nai/te shikata ga nai | I cannot help, but ~; very; extremely |
| てはいけないから | te wa ikenai kara | not to ~; to prevent a negative situation |
| てばかりいる | bakari iru | only; nothing but ~ |
| てはじめて | te hajimete | not until; only after [x] I |
| てもかまわない | temo kamawanai | it doesn't matter if ~ |
| てもしょうがない / てもしかたがない | temo shou ga nai / temo shikata ga nai | there is no reason to ~; it's no use ~; there's no way |
| ても始まらない（てもはじまらない） | temo hajimaranai | even if you... it's no use; it doesn't make sense~ |
| て済む（てすむ） | te sumu | enough for; no problem for; to solve by ~ |
| といい / たらいい | to ii / tara ii | it would be good if; we should; I hope ~ |
| ということだ | to iu koto da | I heard ~; it means that ~; in other words ~ |
| というのは | to iu nowa | this means; the meaning of... is; Because; means ~ |
| というより | to iu yori | instead of ~ |
| といっても | to ittemo | although I say; although one can say ~ |
| どうしても | doushitemo | no matter what; At any cost; after all |
| とおりに | toori ni | Similarly; on the way; like ~ |
| ところが | tokoro ga | nevertheless; However; although ~ |
| ところで | tokoro from | by the way ~ |
| として | toshite | as ~; in the role of ~ |
| とすれば・としたら・とすると | to sureba / to shitara / to suru to | in case of ~; assuming ~; if A then B |
| とても～ない | totem~nai | it can't be; hardly ~ |
| とは限らない（とはかぎらない） | towa kagiranai | not necessarily; it's not always true |
| とみえる / とみえて | to mieru / to miete | looks like ~ |
| どんなに～ても | donna ni~temo | no matter how much) |
| と共に（とともに） | to tomo ni | together with; at the same time as; as well as |
| と言うと（というと） | to iu to | talking about; when you speak; when you say |
| と言えば（といえば） | to ieba | talking about; when you speak; when you say; if it were the case of ~ |
| ないことはない | nai koto wa nai | can do; it's not impossible ~ |
| ないと | naito | must do; unless / if you don't ~ |
| なかなか | nakanaka | very; quite; beautiful; instead; just not ~ |
| ながらも | nagara mo | but; Despite; despite~ |
| なぜなら | nazenara | Because; the reason is; if you want to know why |
| なるべく | naru beku | as much as possible |
| なんか・なんて・など | nanka; nante; nado | give examples; show modesty; make light of |
| において / における | ni oite / ni okeru | no; in the place; in relation to ~; as for ~; in relation to ~ |
| にかけて | ni kakete | for a period; through ~; regarding ~; in relation to ~; in relation to ~ |
| にかわって / にかわり | ni kawatte / ni kawari | instead of ~; replacing ~; on behalf of ~ |
| にしたがって | ni shitagatte | How; Therefore; in accordance with; According to; Consequently |
| にしては | ni shite wa | considering that it is (something or someone) |
| にしても | no shite mo | even if; Although; regardless of ~ |
| について | ni tsuite | relative; about; on; in ~ |
| につれて | no trumpet | How; in proportion to; with; as... so ~ |
| にとって | not totte | to; for; related; regarding; in relation to ~ |
| には | no wa | for the purpose of; in order to ~ |
| によって / による | ni yotte / ni yoru | through; because of; because of; because of ~ |
| によると /によれば | ni yoru to/ni yoreba | according to ~ |
| に反して（にはんして） | no hanshite | against; contrary to; in contrast with ~ |
| に対して（にたいして） | ni taishite | toward; against; about; in contrast with |
| に慣れる（になれる） | ni nareru | be used to something |
| に比べて（にくらべて） | no kurabete | in comparison with ~; in comparison with ~ |
| に違いない（にちがいない） | There is no difference | I'm sure; without a doubt that ~ |
| に関する / に関して（にかんする / にかんして） | ni kan suru / ni kan shite | about; regarding; related to ~ |
| のでしょうか | no deshou ka | ask a question politely |
| は～で有名（は～でゆうめい） | wa~de yuumei | famous for ~ |
| ば～のに | ba~noni | would have; should; if only ~ |
| ば～ほど | ba~hodo | How much more |
| ばいい | ba ii | should, can, it would be nice if~ |
| ばかりで | bakari from | only; just (negative connotation) |
| ばかりでなく | bakari denaku | not only, but also; as well as ~ |
| はもちろん | wa mochiron | not to mention; not only; but also ~ |
| ばよかった | ba yokatta | should have; it would have been better if ~ |
| は別として（はべつとして） | wa betsu toshite | besides; in addition to; except for; whether or not ~ |
| ふと | futo | Suddenly; accidentally; unexpectedly; involuntarily ~ |
| ぶりに | buri ni | for the first time in (period) |
| ふりをする | furi the suru | pretend; act as if ~ |
| べきだ | beki da | should do; must do ~ |
| べきではない | beki dewa nai | should not do ~; should not do ~ |
| ほど | hodo | degree; extension; limits; upper limit |
| ほど～ない | hodo~nai | it's not so... like ~ |
| まさか | masaka | there's no way; This is impossible; you must be kidding |
| まるで | maru of | It seems; as if; just as ~ |
| むしろ | mushiro | in time; instead of; better ~ |
| めったに～ない | metta ni~nai | hardly; rarely; seldom |
| も～ば～も | mo~ba~mo | and; also; or; neither nor |
| もしかしたら | moshika shitara | possibly; maybe; by chance; by chance ~ |
| もしも〜たら | moshimo~tara | And if; inside the case; assuming ~ |
| ようがない | you go nai | there is no way; it's impossible ~ |
| ようとしない | you to shinai | don't try; don't make an effort to ~ |
| ようとする | you're suru | try; to try; to be about to ~ |
| ような気がする（ようなきがする） | you na ki ga suru | have the feeling that; seems; it seems that; I think ~ |
| ように | you don't | in order to, so that ~ |
| ように見える（ようにみえる） | you ni mieru | look; seem; to appear |
| よりも | yorimo | in comparison to; instead of ~; more than ~ |
| わけがない | wake ga nai | there is no way ~; it's impossible ~ |
| わけだ | wake da | for that reason; no wonder; as you would expect; the fact is that; so you mean ~ |
| わけではない | wake dewa nai | it doesn't mean that; it's not the case; I didn't mean that; it's not true that ~ |
| わけにはいかない | wake niwa ikanai | Should not; cannot pay; must, has no choice but ~ |
| わざと | wazato | on purpose; intentionally ~ |
| わざわざ | wazawaza | to go out of one's way to; go out of your way to ~ |
| をはじめ | the hajime | for example; starting with |
| を中心に（をちゅうしんに） | the chuushin ni | focused on; centered on |
| を込めて（をこめて） | the komete | filled with; full of |
| を通じて /を通して（をつうじて /をとおして） | o tsuujite / o tooshite | through; through the; along; by |
| んだって | ndatte | I heard that; heard that ~ |
| 一体（いったい） | ittai | emphasis; what on Earth; what in the world ~ |
| 一度に（いちどに） | ichido ni | all at once |
| 一方だ（いっぽうだ） | ippou da | more and more; keep going to ~ |
| 上げる（あげる） | ageru | finish doing ~ |
| 上で（うえで） | ue of | on top; after; when; for; in order to |
| 上に（うえに） | wow | also; in addition; besides; not only... but also ~ |
| 中（ちゅう） | chuu / yo | currently; during; at some point; along; before the end of ~ |
| 代わりに（かわりに） | kawari ni | instead of; as a substitute for; in exchange for; in return for |
| 例えば（たとえば） | tatoeba | for example; for example ~ |
| 最中に（さいちゅうに） | saichuu ni | while; during; in the middle of ~ |
| 切る（きる） | kiru | do something completely to the end |
| 切れない（きれない） | kirenai | unable to do; a lot to finish/complete |
| 別に～ない（べつに～ない） | betsu ni~nai | not really, not particularly |
| 割に（わりに） | wari ni | considering; comparatively; relatively; unexpectedly; exceptionally |
| 合う（あう） | wow | do something together |
| 向き（むき） | muki | suitable for ~ |
| 向け（むけ） | muke | intended for; intended for ~ |
| 数量 + は（すうりょう + は） | suuryou + wa | at least ~ |
| 気味（ぎみ） | gimi | -like; looking; similar; tending to ~ |
| 決して～ない（けっして～ない） | kesshite~nai | Never; in no way ~ |
| 的（てき） | teki | change noun to adjective-like (-ish) |
| 直す（なおす） | naosu | to do something again; do again |
| 確かに（たしかに） | tashika ni | certainly, certainly ~ |
| 結局（けっきょく） | kekkyoku | after all; eventually; in the end ~ |
| 結果（けっか） | kekka | as a result of; after ~ |
| 込む（こむ） | komu | do something for a long time or move something inside |
| 途中で/途中に（とちゅうで/とちゅうに） | on the way / in the middle | on the way; in the middle of ~ |
| 通す（とおす） | toosu | to do until the end; to do continuously; by means of ~ |
| 際に（さいに） | come out | when; at the time of; in case of ~ |
