Fukushi - List of adverbs in Japanese

Do you know the adverbs of the Japanese language? In this article, we will see a complete list of the most popular adverbs in Japanese. Adverbs in Japanese are called Fukushi [副詞] and there are two types of adverbs in the Japanese language.

Adverbs are words that indicate a circumstance such as time, place, manner, intensity, etc. This circumstance can modify a verb, an adjective or an adverb.

The function of adverbs is to describe verbs, in the same way that adjectives describe nouns. Japanese adverbs can also be used to turn a word into an adjective.

In this article we will have a complete list of adverbs at the end, plus some explanations and adverbs separated by category. To facilitate navigation, we will leave an index below:

The first part of the article is without romanization (romaji) but the list of adverbs at the end of the article has them all with their romanization.

We also recommend reading:

• Keiyoushi – Japanese adjectives of type i [い]
• Adverbs and short expressions in Japanese
• Learn triple Japanese with compound verbs

Japanese adverbs by category

Japanese adverbs of time

• 今 - Ima - now, in this moment
• 今日 - Kyõ - Today, on this day
• 昨日 - Kino - Yesterday
• 明日 - Ashita - Tomorrow
• まだ - But still, so far, in spite of that, nevertheless
• もう - Previously, before a while, already, right now
• いつ - when, then, while

Japanese adverbs of place

• 下に - shitani - under
• 上に - ueni - over
• そばに - close to, next to
• 前に - maeni - In front of, in front of
• 後ろに - ushironi - behind, behind

Japanese adverbs of manner

• きっと - Certainly
• ゆっくり - slowly
• どんなに - how, in what way

Japanese adverbs of quantity

• よく - How much, well, good, enough
• 何 - nani - Which
• いくら - How much, how much, how much
• とても - Much
• 大変 - taihen - very, extremely, serious
• たくさん - very, quite, extremely
• 十分 - juubun - enough
• だけ - only
• 少し- sukoshi - A little
• ちょっと - A little, especially, preferably, particularly
• もっと – Most

Other Japanese Adverbs

• いつも - always, constantly
• 何度も - nandomo - Repeatedly, many times, often
• 大きに - Very (Thank you very much, Great)
• どうして - why?, how?, in what way?
• どこか - in/to some or any place / Somehow
• 又 - mata - again, too, but
• 例えば - For example

How to use adverbs in Japanese

Normally Japanese adverbs are used before the verbs or adjectives they refer to. For example, in たくさん食べる the Japanese adverb (たくさん - bastante) appears before the verb (食べる - taberu - to eat). Below are a few more examples.

• 私はテレビをテーブルの前におく。/ Watashi wa terebi o tēburu no mae ni oku;
• 私はゆっくり歩きます。/ Watashi wa yukkuri arukimasu;
• ちょっと待ってください。/ Chottomatte kudasai;
• 彼は静かに勉強します。/ Kare wa shizuka ni benkyō shimasu;

Turning adjectives into adverbs

Many adverbs can be created from Japanese adjectives. The method is very similar to what we do in English.

In many Portuguese words, we just need to add the ending -mente, after an adjective. In this way, the adjective easy becomes the adverb, fast becomes quickly, and so on.

In the Japanese language, you just need to add the ending [く] to Japanese [い] adjectives, or the particle [に] to Japanese [な] adjectives. This way, we can create Japanese adverbs for each type of adjective. Let's see the examples:

• 新しい > 新し [Atarashii > Atarashiku]
• 強い > 強く [Tsuyoi > Tsuyoku]
• 簡単な > 簡単に [Kantanna > Kantanni]
• 便利な > 便利に [Benrina > Benrini]

Now you can practice turning all the adjectives you know into adverbs in Japanese.

With the suffix tekini

Some words can be turned into adverbs by adding the suffix tekini.

具体 se transforma em 具体的に

具体 Gutai / Concrete, specific > 具体的に Gutaitekini / Specifically

質問の内容が具体的に伝わるように書いてください。
Shitsumon no naiyō ga gutaitekini tsutawaru yō ni kaite kudasai;

Verbs with Japanese adverb function

Some verbs, when used in the form you/from, may occasionally be used as adverbs.

• 喜ぶ changes to 喜んで
• 喜んで行きます。
• 喜んでお手伝いしますよ。

Repeating and creating adverbs

Some Japanese adverbs can be created from the repetition of a word or sound. Many students tend to confuse these expressions with onomatopoeias, but it is worth remembering that onomatopoeias are usually written in katakana and have a different context.

しばしば - Frequentemente, muitas vezes…

彼はしばしば恋に落ちる。
Kare wa shibashiba koiniochiru.

データはしばしば不正確だ。
Dēta wa shibashiba fuseikakuda

いちいち - Um por um, cada, cada um, tudo…

彼の言うことはいちいち頭に来る
Kare no iu koto wa ichīchi atama ni kuru.

時々 - Tokidoki - Algumàs vezes, ocasionalmente, às vezes, frequentemente, com frequência…

時々テレビを見る。
Tokidoki terebiwomiru.

彼は時々希望を失う。
Kare wa tokidoki kibō o ushinau.

The Japanese letter 々 is used to indicate the repetition of the same kanji. It's like 時々 is 時時.

Os advérbios intraduzíveis

There are adverbs that do not have a clear translation to a word in the Portuguese language. See four common cases.

やっぱり - This word is just a colloquial form of やはり. It is an adverb used with the meaning of "Just as I thought", "As expected" or "Despite everything".

See the example: I knew he was gay.

彼はやっぱりゲイですね
Kare wa yappari geidesu ne

まさか - This Japanese adverb has a similar meaning to "don't tell me!", "impossible!", "It's got to be a joke!", "Unbelievable!" or "Are you kidding me?!". As far as I could tell, this adverb has a somewhat negative connotation.

See the example: Don't tell me Cris is a criminal?

まさか犯人はクリス？
Masaka han'nin wa Kurisu?

Sasugani [流石に] - Some approximate translations of this Japanese adverb would be "as should be expected", "this is something very natural", "in fact" or "no doubt".

流石に彼は速く走る。
Sasuga ni kare wa hayakuhashiru;

とにかく - Tonikaku can mean "in any way", "in any way", "in general", "in one way or another", "in any case"…

とにかく家へ帰る。
Tonikaku ie e kaeru;

Complete list of adverbs in Japanese

Japanese	Romanization	Portuguese
どこに？	doko ni?	Where?
右に	migi ni	on the right
左に	hidari ni	to the left
前に	mae ni	forward
手で	te de	the hand
ところで、…	tokorode, …	by the way, …
今	magnet	now
それに	soreni	furthermore, …
何か	nani ka	something
誰か	dare ka	somebody
ある人	aru hito	someone (had an idea)
何か	nani ka	something
近くに	chikaku ni	beside
窓辺に	mado beni	by the window
近くで	chikaku from	at the foot of…
…の周りを	…no mawari wo	around (look)
…にもかかわらず	… ni mo kakawara zu	in spite of…
おおよそ	ōyoso	about
おおよその	ōyosono	approximate
ここで	kokode	here
後ろに	ushiro ni	behind…
各	kaku	each
約	yaku	about (10 kg)
前の	mae no	from the front
ここから	koko kara	from here
誰かの	dare ka no	someone
どこからでも	doko kara demo	somewhere
中から	naka kara	from the inside
そこから	soko kara	from there, from there
側面から	sokumen kara	beside
誰の…でもない	dare no… de mo nai	nobody's
再び	futatabi	again
新たに	arata ni	again
わざと	wazato	on purpose
急に	kyū ni	suddenly
どこからか	doko kara ka	of a place
戻って	modatte	back
…すぎる	… suggested	demasiado, muito
右の	migi no	right
真っ直ぐに	massugu ni	directly
と	tō	and (you ~ me)
可能な	kanō na	it's possible
どこかで	doko ka de	somewhere
前方へ	zenpō he	forward (forward)
どこにも	doko ni mo	nowhere
第一に	dai ichi ni	in the first place
第二に	dai ni ni	in second place
第三に	dai san ni	in third place
どこでも	doko demo	everywhere
引き換えに	hikikae ni	in exchange
…の返礼として	…no henrei toshite	in exchange for …
あのとき	ano toki	then
間	kan	in between
…の間で	… on wood	enter (in the middle of)
特に	particularly	especially
左の	hidari no	left
正確に	seikaku ni	exactly
よく	yoku	often
…のおかげで	… in the okage of	thanks to …
そこで	sokode	there
遠くに	tōku ni	far away
でも	demo	but however)
中央	chūō	half (m), half (f)
多くの人々	ōku no hitobito	many people
非常に	hijō ni	muito
多量の	taryō no	muito
…かなり前に	... kanari mae ni	long before…
多くの	ōku no	many
何もない	nani mo nai	anything
誰も…ない	give me… nai	nobody
初めは	hajime wa	at first
中央に	chūō ni	in the middle
一度も	ichi do mo	Never
もう一方の	mōippōno	the other (second)
または	matawa	or (be ~ not be)
他の	hokano	other
…のために	… no tame ni	to (~ my mother)
どこかへ	dokoka hey	to somewhere
こちらへ	kochira hey	Here
右へ	migi hey	to the right
左へ	hidari hey	to the left
そこへ	soko he	for there
どこへも	doko hey	to nowhere
どちらへ？	dochira huh?	Where?
永遠に	hey ni	forever
後ろへ	ushiro hey	back
初めて	hajimet	for the first time
そばに	soba ni	near
近く	chikaku	Close of …
遠くない	tōku nai	close, not far
偶然に	gūzen ni	by accident
なぜか［何故か］	naze ka	For some reason
後ろから	ushiro kara	from behind (come ~)
例えば	tatoeba	for example
従って	shitagatte	therefore …
何らかの理由で	nanrakano riyū de	for whatever reason
なぜなら	nazenara	why …
どうして？	dōshite?	because?
ほとんど…ない	hotondo … nai	unlikely
恐らく［おそらく］	osoraku	probably
恐らく［おそらく］	osoraku	probably
どれでも	dore demo	any
ほとんど	hotondo	almost
…ということ	… toyu koto	that (conjugation)
何	nani	that (pronunciation)
誰	dare	who
残り	nokori	rest (m)
もっぱら	moppara	only
ことによると	kotoni yoru to	perhaps
も	mo	also (~ me)
また	Woods	also (would like to ~…)
たくさん	takusan	so much
とても	totem	so
あらゆる人	arayuru hito	all
至急に	shikyū ni	urgently
普通は	futsū wa	usually