JAXA - Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

A Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, or JAXA, is Japan's national space agency. THE JAXA works in several projects and in the development of major works for both Japanese and world aerospace exploration.

A JAXA is responsible for investigations, technological developments and launches of satellites into orbit, developing many complex missions. Like, for example, the exploration of asteroids and possible explorations with crew to the Moon. Your motto is One JAXA and its corporate slogan is Explore to Realize.

history of JAXA

A JAXA is the union of three organizations that were merged to form one, on October 1, 2003, to form the New JAXA: Instituto de Ciência Espacial e Astronáutica (ISAS), the National Aerospace Laboratory of Japan (NAL), and the National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA). JAXA was formed to be an independent administrative institution, however, managed by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sport, Science and Technology (MEXT) and by Ministério das Relações Internas e Comunicações (MIC).

Prior to the merger, ISAS was responsible for space and planetary research while NAL was focused on aviation research. NASDA, founded on October 1, 1969, developed rockets, satellites and had also built the Japanese Experiences Module. NASDA has also trained Japanese astronauts, who have flown in US Space Shuttles.

In 2012, new legislation changed the mandate of the JAXA so that it has the right, for peaceful purposes, to include military space developments, such as early warning systems for future missiles on Japanese land and skies. With the political control of JAXA leaving the MEXT and going to Prime Minister's Office with the inclusion of a new Office for Space Strategy.

Jaxa - Japanese aerospace exploration agency

rockets

A JAXA use the rocket H-IIA (H “two” A) belonging to the former NASDA body along with its variant H-IIB for launches of engineering test satellites, weather satellites, etc. For scientific missions using, for example, the xray astronomy, a JAXA use the rocket Epsilon.

Japan launched its first satellite, Ōsumi, in 1970, using the rocket L-4S from ISAS. Before the merger, ISAS used small vehicles for space launches with solid fuel. While NASDA developed launch vehicles with greater liquid capacity.

At first, NASDA used licensed American models. The first vehicle model for launches was made from the use of liquid fuel, the model H-II, from 1994. However, in the late 90s, with two failed launch attempts H-II, Japan began to be criticized over Japanese rocket technology.

Japan's first space mission under the name of JAXA, was the launch of a H-IIA, on November 29, 2003. Ending in failure due to the great pressure of the moment. After a hiatus of 15 months, the JAXA made a successful rocket launch H-IIA, at the Tanegashima Space Center, putting a satellite into orbit on February 26, 2005.

JAXA successes

before the birth of JAXA, ISAS had done very well in its space program in the field of x-ray astronomy during the 1980s and 1990s. Another successful area for Japan was Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) with the HALCA mission. Other successes were in solar observation, magnetosphere surveys, among other areas.

Jaxa - Japanese aerospace exploration agency

NASDA was primarily active in the field of satellite communications technology. However, since the Japanese satellite market is completely open, the first time a Japanese company won a contract for a civil communication satellite was only in 2005. Another focus of the NASDA body is the observation of the Earth's climate. .

A JAXA was awarded the prize John L. "Jack" Swigert, Jr., gives Space Foundation for Space Exploration in 2008.

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Human Space Programs

Japan has ten astronauts, but a manned spacecraft has not yet been developed. A HOPE-X space project for the launch of an H-II, being developed for several years, was eventually delayed. Several other projects were proposed, some accepted, but being postponed or not being accepted.

The first Japanese citizen to fly in space was Toyohiro Akiyama, a journalist sponsored by TBS, who flew in the soviet Soyuz TM-11 in December 1990. Akiyama spent more than 7 days in space on the space station look, considered by the Soviets to be their first commercial spaceflight, which allowed them to earn about US $ 14 million.

Japan participates in US and international programs, which include flights by Japanese astronauts. A mission for the space shuttle STS-47, in September 1992, was partially funded by Japan. This flight includes the first astronaut from JAXA, Mamoru Mohri.

The Japanese have plans to make a manned lunar landing, which is in development. However, the plans were shelved in 2010 due to budget constraints.

In June 2014, Japan's Ministry of Science and Technology said it was considering a space mission to Mars. In one document, it was said to be an unmanned exploration. Missions to Mars and long-term settlements to the Moon is the goal of JAXA, for which they seek international cooperation.

Uchuu Kyoudai

You can learn a lot about Japan's space station by watching the anime Uchuu Kyoudai.

Jaxa - Japanese aerospace exploration agency

Uchuu Kyoudai Tell the story of two brothers: Mutta and Hibito, with Mutta being the older brother. When they were kids, the two witnessed a UFO, and ever since then, they promised to go to space. Years go by and only Hibito becomes an astronaut and is about to go to the Moon. Meanwhile, his brother Mutta ends up losing his job for headbutting his boss.

But remember your old dream, which due to the problems of daily life was completely forgotten. With the help of your brother, such a dream could in some way be achieved. The anime shows the whole process that is necessary to apply and become an astronaut.

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